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CONTENTS
Volume 11, Number 1, July 2021
 


Abstract
In the present paper, a refined trigonometric higher-order shear deformation theory has been presented with the conjunction of nonlocal theory for the vibrational response of functionally graded (FG) porous nanoplate. The displacement field is chosen based on assumptions that the out of the plane displacement consists of bending and shear components whereas the transverse shear-strain has nonlinear variation along the thickness direction. The number of unknown variables is four, as against five in other renowned shear deformation theories. The governing equations have been derived using Hamilton's principle. A generalized porosity model has also been developed to accommodate both even and uneven type of distribution of porosity in the FG nanoplates. The closed-form solution of simply-supported FG porous nanoplates is obtained and the results are compared with the available reported results. In finite element solution, a C0 continuous isoparametric quadrilateral element has been used with various conventional and unconventional boundary conditions. The effects of various parameters like small-scale effect, aspect ratio, volume fraction index, porosity volume fraction, and thickness ratio have been investigated. The significant influence of small-scale effects and porosity inclusions have been observed in the reported results. It has been reported that both closed-form and finite element solutions with the present theory can make accurate predictions of the free vibration response.

Key Words
closed-form solution; composite materials; functionally graded (FG) material; Hamilton

Address
Yogesh Kumar and Ankit Gupta: School of Engineering, Shiv Nadar University, Gautama Buddha Nagar, India

Abdelouahed Tounsi: YFL (Yonsei Frontier Lab), Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea/ 3Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, 31261 Dhahran, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia


Abstract
This paper deals with the specific influence of three different fraction laws for vibrational analysis of rotating cylindrical shells. The rotating cylindrical shells are stabilized by ring-stiffeners to increase the stiffness and strength. Isotopic materials are the constituents of these rings. The frequencies are investigated versus circumferential wave number, length- and height-to- radius ratios using three volume fraction laws. Moreover, the effect of rotation speed is investigated. It is examined that the backward and forward frequencies increase and decrease on increasing the ratio of height- and length-to-radius ratio. When the position of ring supports increases, the backward and forward frequency first increases and obtains its maximum value at the shell mid length position and then decreases and get a bell shape with clamped-clamped and clamped-free conditions. The assessment of present model is judged with the comparison of non-rotating and rotating results with former exploration.

Key Words
clamped condition; fraction laws; ring; rotating

Address
Mohamed A. Khadimallah: Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, College of Engineering, Civil Engineering Department, Al-Kharj, 16273, Saudi Arabia/ Laboratory of Systems and Applied Mechanics, Polytechnic School of Tunisia, University of Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia

Muzamal Hussain: Department of Mathematics, Govt. College University Faisalabad, 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan

Mohamed Elbahar: Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, College of Engineering, Civil Engineering Department, Al-Kharj, 16273, Saudi Arabia

E. Ghandourah: Department of Nuclear Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Elaloui Elimame: Laboratory of Materials Applications in Environment, Water and Energy LR21ES15, Faculty of Sciences, University of Gafsa, Tunisia

Abdelouahed Tounsi: YFL (Yonsei Frontier Lab), Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea/ Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, 31261 Dhahran, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia



Abstract
The paper presents the effects of temperature jump and concentration slip on inclined MHD bioconvection past a vertical porous plate via porous media. The authors have examined how the presence of both nanoparticles and gyrotactic microorganism impact the whole procedure. It is researched that the numerical scheme, called Runge-Kutta fourth fifth order Fehlberg method (RKF45) has been used to solve the governing partial differential equations. The equations are reduced into ordinary differential equations by using suitable similarity transformation. The effects of pertinent parameter for variation in the velocity profile, velocity profile at far field, temperature profile, concentration profile and motile microorganism density profile have been obtained. The results obtained from current study in the concluding part of the paper match to the pre researched data which validate the authenticity of the study.

Key Words
concentration slip; gyrotactic microorganism; inclined MHD; nanoparticles; RKF-45; temperature jump

Address
Rakesh Choudhary: Bhartiya Skill Development University, Jaipur, India

Shalini Jain: University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India

Abstract
This review addresses the recent developments of the processing of ZnO nanostructures (NSs) and characterizations of the developed NSs by various techniques, mainly hydrothermal technique. This article discussed various kinds of ZnO NSs such as wires, rods, flowers, dumbbells, spheres, particles and combs created by hydrothermal process on carbon fibre substrate. ZnO likely has the wealthiest group of NSs among all materials, both in structures and properties. The NSs could have novel applications in sensors, transducers, optoelectronics, and biomedical sciences. This article moreover studies the distinctive NSs of ZnO created by the different procedures and upgrades in the mechanical, electrical and thermal properties of the subsequent progressive composites. ZnO NSs processed on any substrate makes a hierarchical structure and can altogether enhance the specific properties in the final nanocomposites. Article also discussed the potential of ZnO NSs for fiber reinforced nanocomposites, focusing on the most used techniques used for the creation of ZnO NSs reinforced hierarchical composites and surveys the potential for another age of cutting edge multifunctional materials. Recent concepts used for improving or synthesizing other distinctive NSs having tailored properties are also explained in the article.

Key Words
hydrothermal process; nanocomposites; nanostructures; zinc-oxide

Address
Ravi S. Rai and Vivek Bajpai: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines) Dhanbad, Jharkhand, India

Abstract
In this study, the bending, free vibration and buckling analysis of a novel bi-functionally graded sandwich nanobeam are investigated for the first time via a nonlocal refined simple shear deformation theory. The novel sandwich beam consists of one ceramic core and two different functionally graded face sheets, which has a significant potential application in various fields of practical engineering and industry. The Eringen's nonlocal elastic theory has been used in cooperation with a refined simple shear deformation theory as well as Hamilton's principle to derive the equations of motion. Closed-form solution based on Navier's technique is used to solve the equations of motion of simply supported nanobeams. The present numerical results are compared with the available solutions to demonstrate the accuracy of the present theory. The influence of some parameters such as the slender ratio, the power-law index, the skin-core-skin thicknesses and the small-scale parameter on the bending, free vibration and buckling behavior of bi-functionally graded sandwich nanobeams are carried out carefully.

Key Words
bi-functionally graded sandwich beams; nanobeams; nonlocal theory; refined simple shear deformation theory; sandwich beams

Address
Doan Trac Luat, Do Van Thom, Tran Trung Thanh, Phung Van Minh, Tran Van Ke and Pham Van Vinh: Department of Solid Mechanics, Le Quy Don Technical University, 236 Hoang Quoc Viet, North Tu Liem, Hanoi, Vietnam

Abstract
. Precise control of the synthesis of bimetallic nanoparticles with specific morphology and structure is of great significance due to their excellent catalytic, optical and biological property. DNA molecules are considered as a kind of efficient templates to mediate the precise synthesis of bimetallic nanoparticles with homogeneous morphology due to their specific and controllable structure. In this study specific hairpin DNA strands were successfully utilized as templates to mediate the synthesis of special mushroom-like Au-Ag bimetallic nanoparticles with a high yield of > 90%. Several key factors greatly influencing the precise control of the morphology and UV-Vis characteristics of the proposed Au-Ag nanomushrooms during synthesis were investigated and optimized in detail, including the structure of template DNA, loading amounts of DNA, types of reductant agents and surfactants. Then, the formation mechanism of hairpin DNA mediated Au-Ag nanomushrooms was studied. Finally, the proposed Au-Ag nanomushrooms with good biocompatibility were applied for the antibacterial study by the growth curve of E. coli. The proposed Au-Ag nanomushrooms showed the effective inhibition capability for the growth of E. coli. The results suggested that these DNA mediated Au-Ag nanomushrooms possessed great potential applications for biomedical science in future.

Key Words
antibacterial study; Au-Ag bimetallic nanomushrooms; biocompatibility; hairpin DNA mediated

Address
Jingtai Fu, Lu Huang, Zhongning Yu, Zhuomin Zhang and Gongke Li: School of Chemistry, Sun Yat Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China

Abstract
In this article with the aid of adaptively tuned deep neural network (DNN), dynamic stability analysis of the sandwich structure has been investigated. Due to finding the design-points features, the numerical solution procedure called two-dimensional generalized differential quadrature technique has been applied to the ordinary differential equations of the current structure system acquired on the foundation of the kinematic theory with refined higher order terms. Also, the involved parameters with the optimum values in the fully-connected neural network mechanism are obtained via momentum-based optimizer. For modeling a moderately thick structure, higher order terms of shear deformation are chosen. For stability analysis of the current structure the design points considering the method of adaptive learning is presented. For analysis of the current structure

Key Words
DNN, GDQM, honeycomb core, frequency characteristic, sandwich disk

Address
Yan Ming: School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China

Yousef Zandi and Morteza Gholizadeh: Department of Civil Engineering, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran

Khaled Oslub: Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran

Mohamed Amine Khadimallah: Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, College of Engineering, Civil Engineering Department, Al-Kharj, 16273, Saudi Arabia/ Laboratory of Systems and Applied Mechanics, Polytechnic School of Tunisia, University of Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia

Alibek Issakhov: Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan/ Kazakh-British Technical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan



Abstract
This study analyzes the influence of surface effects on transportation vibrational properties. The evaluation of vibration impacts was done in accordance with the standards laid out in ISO 2631-1 for convenience on public transport (bus). The QCM (Quarter Car Model) with a quarter vehicle mass and variable was evaluated on exchange force between paving and three vehicle typologies (car, bus, and truck) using Matlab. The driver's, passengers in the center section, and passengers in the rear overhang's comfort is evaluated. The ten-degree oscillatory bus model has been designed for analytical requirements. First, the vibration propagation effects of different bus types are examined. Numerical methods are next briefly addressed to vibration propagation modeling inside the path and in the soil. Then a detailed discussion on the development of numerical models with an examination of the appropriateness of various modeling techniques for vehicle impact analysis will be given. Bus excitation has been created by using the asphalt-concrete road roughness power-spectral density as stated in the H. Braun model. This article illustrates how this dynamic overcharge might be predetermined according to the deterioration of the pavements' surface. This is a valuable resource for the design and maintenance of road pavements.

Key Words
microstructure; surface effects; transportation; vibrational characteristics

Address
Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, College of Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, Alkharj, 16273, Saudi Arabia


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