Abstract
The coal shed serves as a critical infrastructure in industrial operations, ensuring the protection and efficient
handling of coal, thereby enhancing operational efficiency and environmental compliance. To examine the impacts of adjacent
structures, interference distances, and wind angles on the wind loads acting on large-span coal sheds, a comprehensive
experimental study was conducted using a coal shed with dimensions of 460 m x 157 m x 50 m. In this study, two distinct
dimensions of interference buildings and five distinct interference distances were established. Wind tunnel pressure
measurement tests were then carried out at 19 distinct wind angles to evaluate the influence of these variables on the wind load
acting on the coal shed. The findings reveal that when the interfering structures are positioned downstream, the interference
leads to an augmentation ranging from 0.15 to 0.30 in the mean shape coefficient of the disturbed coal shed. Notably, variations
in building structure dimensions and interference distances exert insignificant influence on this coefficient. Conversely, when the
interfering building structures are situated upstream, they exhibit a shielding effect. Specifically, under the influence of a larger
structure, the mean and fluctuating shape coefficient of the coal shed undergo the most substantial alteration at 0.125D, whereas
for a smaller structure, the most significant effect is observed at 0.75D. The perturbation of the adjacent building structure
induces positive wind pressure on the windward surface of the disturbed coal shed, and the wind suction at the wake of the
disturbed coal shed increases by 1.6 times. The overall force acting on the disturbed coal shed decreases in the presence of
interference effects. However, the impact of the larger structure leads to an increase in the overall force experienced by the
disturbed coal shed within a wind angle range of 80° to 120°, attaining a maximum increment of 26%. At equivalent distances,
the influence exerted by the larger building is more pronounced. Consequently, the results of this study provide a valuable
reference for the wind resistance design considerations of such structures.
Key Words
characteristic value of wind load; interference effect; long-span structure; overall force coefficient; shape
coefficient of wind load; wind-tunnel experiment
Address
Qiansen Wang:School of Civil Engineering, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang, 050043, China
Hechen Wang:School of Civil Engineering, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang, 050043, China
Yunfei Zheng:Department of Railway Engineering, Shijiazhuang Institute of Railway Technology, Shijiazhuang, 050043, China
Xiongwei Yang:School of Geology and Engineering, Hebei Geological University, Shijiazhuang, 050031, China
Xiaobing Liu:1)State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and System Safety of Traffic Engineering Structures, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang 050043, China
2)Innovation Center for Wind Engineering and Wind Energy Technology of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050043, China
Huimin Cui:1)State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and System Safety of Traffic Engineering Structures, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang 050043, China
2)Department of Mathematics and Physics, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang 050043, China
Qingkuan Liu:1)State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and System Safety of Traffic Engineering Structures, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang 050043, China
2)Innovation Center for Wind Engineering and Wind Energy Technology of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050043, China
Shuochen Yang:School of Civil Engineering, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang, 050043, China
Abstract
The accurate characterization and modelling of tropical cyclone (TC) wind inflow angles is crucial for various lines
of scientific research and engineering applications. While numerous studies have delved into TC wind fields, much less attention
has been paid to the distributions of wind directions within TCs. Moreover, a comprehensive comparison and quantitative
examination of existing inflow angle models in the literature, assessing their performance and efficacy, is notably lacking. In this
study, 483 snapshots from the H*Wind database were employed to explore the symmetric and asymmetric characteristics of TC
inflow angle distributions. The analysis revealed that, among common TC-related variables, relative angular momentum exhibits
the strongest (negative) correlation with inflow angles. Subsequently, a new parametric inflow angle model was developed,
demonstrating superior goodness-of-fit in terms of the bias, root-mean-square-error (RMSE), and linear correlation when
compared to four existing models. The proposed model was further validated using the National Data Buoy Center (NDBC) data
for several historical hurricanes. Finally, the developed model was applied to assess the joint TC wind and direction hazards for
three coastal sites in the United States. The findings and the model developed herein possess broad-ranging applications for
wind-resistant design and risk assessment of engineering structures within TC-prone regions.
Key Words
H*Wind database; joint wind and direction hazards; modelling; tropical cyclone; wind inflow angle
Address
Chao Sheng:1)Department of Civil Engineering, Sichuan University, No. 122, Section 1, Huanghe Middle Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610207, China
2)Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Center for Catastrophe Modeling and Resilience,
Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015, U.S.A.
Paolo Bocchini:Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Center for Catastrophe Modeling and Resilience,
Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015, U.S.A.
Abstract
This study focused on harvesting wind energy using the opening inside and on top of the building. Five different
types of tall building models are considered in this study. The models are square footprints of 1:1:4 (l: b: h). The initial model
M1 is considered without any opening inside. The other four models, namely M2, M3, M4, and M5, incorporated a rectangular
slot across the vertical direction and a square slot along the vertical direction of the building height. The wind velocity inside the
opening is considered for the wind energy harvesting purpose. Horizontal and vertical axis wind turbines (HAWT & VAWT) are
employed for power output. The buildings have both horizontal slots and rooftop openings increased the 82% velocity and
decreased turbulence kinetic energy (TKE) by up to 98% compared to the other non-roof-opening buildings. The VAWT
increases the power output by up to 35% than HAWT, and the power generation increases by 5-11% using the rooftop opening.
The double-sided top-opening model (M5) significantly increases the velocity and decreases the TKE inside the opening, which
satisfies the implementation criteria of the wind turbine. Using the VAWT at the central position of the building generated 82 kW
of power output per second.
Key Words
Computational fluid dynamics (CFD); harvesting of wind energy; power output; renewable energy; slot type
building; wind turbine
Address
Former Research Scholar, Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah, India
Abstract
This study presents numerical simulation data for a flow over a cylinder subjected to turbulent inflow at Reynolds
number of 3900; turbulence intensities ranging from 1.3% to 8.8% are considered. The influence of the turbulence intensity on
the aerodynamic forces and flow field around the cylinder is comprehensively studied using the large eddy simulation approach.
Key parameters such as the force coefficients, wind pressure distribution, Strouhal number, and instantaneous and average flow
fields are analyzed to provide a theoretical reference for the designing and constructing cylindrical structures in turbulent
environments. The results show that increasing the turbulence intensity suppresses vortex shedding and flow separation, causing
an unstable vortex shedding frequency from the cylinder. Wake vortices exhibit multi-frequency shedding with high energy, and
the mean drag coefficient increases linearly. The Strouhal number decreases sharply when the turbulence intensity reaches 7.5%.
Additionally, the recirculation zone in the cylinder wake is reduced, negative pressure on the leeward and side surfaces
increases, fluctuating pressure exhibits enhanced Gaussian characteristics, and disturbance of the cylinder to the flow field is
weakened.
Key Words
aerodynamic forces; flow around a circular cylinder; LES approach; NSRFG; turbulence intensity
Address
Zhiheng Zhao:Key Laboratory of Roads and Railway Engineering Safety Control (Shijiazhuang Tiedao University), Ministry of Education, China
Weikang Li:Key Laboratory of Roads and Railway Engineering Safety Control (Shijiazhuang Tiedao University), Ministry of Education, China
Yinxuan Zhang:Key Laboratory of Roads and Railway Engineering Safety Control (Shijiazhuang Tiedao University), Ministry of Education, China
Qingkuan Liu:1)Key Laboratory of Roads and Railway Engineering Safety Control (Shijiazhuang Tiedao University), Ministry of Education, China
2)School of Civil Engineering, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang 050043, China
3)Innovation Center for Wind Engineering and Wind Energy Technology of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050043, China
Hongmiao Jing:1)Key Laboratory of Roads and Railway Engineering Safety Control (Shijiazhuang Tiedao University), Ministry of Education, China
2)School of Civil Engineering, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang 050043, China
3)Innovation Center for Wind Engineering and Wind Energy Technology of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050043, China
Abstract
Approach flow conditions and design wind speeds have significant effects on the aerodynamic behavior of high-rise
buildings. However, the discussion on this topic is limited. To fill the gap, this study investigates the effects of both the approach
flows and design wind speeds on tall buildings with various corner geometries. Six staggered double corner recession (SDCR)
models were tested using high-frequency force balance (HFFB) wind tunnel testing under suburban and open terrain conditions.
The structural responses (overturning moment, roof drift, and roof acceleration) for each model were examined considering a
broad range of design wind speeds. The results indicate that the roof drifts for SDCR models are reduced by more than 50% for
design wind speeds higher than 70 m/s. However, the effectiveness is significantly decreased as wind speed decreases due to the
shift of vortex shedding frequency. The structural responses could be amplified as high as by 40% in comparison with the
benchmark model at wind speeds of 40 m/s to 50 m/s. These adverse behaviors are more significant under open terrain condition
(low turbulence intensity). In the end, practical suggestions are made to achieve a successful and conservative wind design for
high-rise buildings.
Key Words
aerodynamic performance; corner modification; high-frequency force balance testing; high-rise buildings; terrain
condition
Address
Wei-Ting Lu:Department of Mechanical and Electromechanical Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
Brian M. Phillips:Department of Civil and Coastal Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, U.S.A.
Zhaoshuo Jiang:School of Engineering, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA 94132, U.S.A.
